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CCNUCC
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????? ???????? ??????? (????? ???? �???????? ???????�)? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?????.
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?????? ???????? (????? ??????? ????????? ??????)
?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????. ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? (?????? ????? ????????.. )? ?? ?????? (???????? ?????????? ???????�).
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??????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????. ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? �??? ?? ??????�? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????.
??????? ???????
??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ? / ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? (??????? ?????????..) ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?/ ?? ?????????? ???????? (??????? ???? ??????? �).
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???? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????????.
?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????
????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? (GIEC) ??? 1988 ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????.
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?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????. ????? ????? ??????? 57-09 ?? ??? ???? 2010? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????
??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? 2000 ???? ???
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?????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ???????.
????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??????. ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????.
???????? ?????
??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? 1997? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? �???�. ?????? 38 ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??????????. ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ????? 5.2% ?? ??????? ??? ???? 2008 ? 2012 ?????? ???? 1990
????? ???????? ???????
???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ???????. ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????.
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????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????. ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????.
???? ???
�???� ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? �??????�. ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? �???I� ?? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? 2016. ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? 52% ????? ??? 2030.
UNFCCC ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????
???? ?? ??? 1992? ? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? (?? ??? ???????) ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???????. ???? ???? 197???? ????? (196 ???? ?? ??????? ????????).
??????:
?????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????.
???????:
????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? (??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???)
CMP:
???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????. ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? 2005? ????? ???? ?????????? ??? ???????. ??? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ???CMP12.
????? ???????COP: ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? . � ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ????. �
????? ????? ??????? COP22 ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? 07 ? 18 ????? 2016
COY:
????? ??????. ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????COP? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???????. ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? COY12.
??????? ?????? ??????:
?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????. ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????.
????? ???????? ???????:
??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? � ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???????. �????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? (CO2) ???????? (CH4)? ?????? ???????? (N2O) ??????? (?????? ??????? ???????? ??????) ??????????????? ??????? ??????? (?????? ??????? ???????? ??????) ? ???? ?????? ??????? (SF6). ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????? CO2.
INDC:
???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????. ?? ????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???? 2020? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???????. ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????.
IPCC:
?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????. ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? 1988 ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? (WMO) ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? (UNEP). ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????. ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????. ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? 1988? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ??? 2013.
???????? ?????:
????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? 1997. ??? ??? ?????????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? 1992. ??? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? 1995. ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? COP3? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????2020.
???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?????.
???????? ????????:
????? ?? ??? 1987? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ???????. ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????.
????? ???????:
????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????. ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????. ????? ??? ????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ???????.
????? ????? ???????:
??? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ????????.

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